The immature stage or larva is considered beneficial, an essential
part of the cycle that breaks down waste into water-soluble compounds.
However, the adult flies can sometimes become numerous enough in the
vicinity of breeding areas to be annoying to people. Eggs hatch into
small pale larvae which are the most resistant life stage, being capable
of surviving temperature extremes and habitats often low in oxygen.
The
larvae feed on the liquid or slime layers which develop around debris
in drains, sewage treatment beds and standing water. Following a feeding
period, larvae pupate and soon emerge as adult flies. Adults live only
three to four days without food, but they can survive for weeks if
nectar or other liquid carbohydrate sources are available. Adults are
small and very hairy, with a pair of pointed wings.
They are
frequently mistaken for small moths since the wings are held roof-like
over the body when at rest. They are weak fliers and often appear to be
jumping or hopping. Flight and mating activities normally occur in the
evening hours when they are attracted to lights. Each female can produce
about 100 eggs and, under optimum conditions, development can be
completed in two weeks.
Elimination
Drain fly infestations can be eliminated only by
removing the larval food source. The larvae usually breed in sink and
bathroom drain traps, in spite of the hot water, soap and other debris
that flow through them. Thorough cleaning of drain traps with drain
cleaners (such as Drano) and long-handled brushes will remove hair and
trapped debris. Bleach does not work to kill the larvae so don’t just
pour bleach down the drain.
Determine the source of infestation by
looking for concentrations of adult flies around potential larval
habitats such as cooling towers, air conditioners, bird feeders or other
places containing standing water and vegetation. Clean, remove or treat
the breeding area. Infestations can also be located in a neighbor’s
yard, shallow pools or sewage treatment facilities, particularly those
upwind from the nuisance area. In these cases, contact those people
responsible for infested areas.
For more relevant information, check the links below:
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